The World of Gene Naming: From Movie Characters to Games

In the world of scientific research, a dash of humor and creativity can be found in the names that scientists give to genes. These names, inspired by movies, games, and pop culture, add a lighter note to the field and enhance the memorability of these genes. Here’s a look at some of the named genes and the stories behind them. The species is listed in parentheses. Click the names or the links for more information about the genes.

1. Superman (SUP) (Arabidopsis Thaliana - a plant) - This gene is crucial for flower growth. It has two different forms, known as alleles. One active form is named 'Superman', while the other inactive form is called 'Clark Kent'. Notably, the active 'Superman' form can change into the inactive 'Clark Kent' form under the influence of another gene called 'Kryptonite' (KYP).
   

2. Sonic Hedgehog (Animals) - Named after the iconic video game character, Sonic Hedgehog is vital in mammalian development. A loss-of-function mutation in this gene causes fruit fly embryos to develop small, spiky projections all over, similar to a hedgehog's spikes, which is how it got its name. Related genes are Indian Hedgehog and Desert Hedgehog.
   

3. Indy ("I’m not dead yet") (Fruit flies) - Inspired by a line from "Monty Python and the Holy Grail,". This gene is involved in extending lifespan.
   

4. Pokémon (now ZBTB7A) (Humans) - Originally named after the famous game. This gene is linked to cancer development, but was renamed due to trademark issues.
   

5. The Pikachurin protein (Humans) - a protein in the eye. Named after Pikachu from the Pokemon game. In humans the protein is encoded by the EGFLAM gene.
   

6. Tinman (Fruit flies) - Essential for heart formation in fruit flies, this gene's mutants lack a heart, akin to the Tin Woodman from "The Wizard of Oz.".
   

7. Ken and Barbie (Fruit flies) - These genes are critical in genital development in fruit flies. Mutants resemble the doll duo, famously devoid of certain anatomical features.
   

8. Cheap Date (Fruit flies) - A humorous take, this gene makes flies more susceptible to alcohol's effects.
   

9. Van Gogh (Fruit flies) - Mutations in the Van Gogh gene lead to differences in the orientation (a more "swirrling pattern") of the outer skin structures of adult fruit flies, reminiscent of the famous artist's style.
   

10. Headcase (Fruit flies) - Involved in head development, this gene's name brings a playful twist to its function.
    

11. Smaug (Fruit flies) - Named after Tolkien’s dragon, this gene governs embryonic development.
    

12. Dachshund (Fruit flies) - Mutant flies with leg abnormalities inspired this name, reflecting the short-legged dog breed.
    

13. Glass-bottom boat (Fruit flies) - This gene's mutants result in transparent larvae, hence the name.
    

14. Halloween Genes (Fruit flies) - Including the genes 'disembodied,' 'spook,' 'phantom,' 'Ghost,' 'Mummy,' 'Shadow' and 'Haunted' which is involved in hormone synthesis give mutants a ghostly appearance.
    

15. Swiss cheese (Fruit flies) - Named for the Swiss-cheese-like holes in the brains of mutant flies.
    

16. Thor (Fruit flies) - Named after the Norse god of thunder and is involved in immune defense mechanisms.
    

17. Dracula (Zebrafish) - Named after Dracula. A mutated version of this gene leads to rupture of red blood cells when exposed to light.
    

18. Draculin (Vampire Bat) - Also named after Dracula and it inhibits coagulation of blood when vampire bats are feeding.
    

19. Brainiac (Fruit Flies) - Involved in development of the nervous system. Mutations in this gene can lead to defects in neural development and functioning.
    

20. Clown (Fruit flies) - Flies with a mutation in this gene have eyes that display a patchwork of white and red colors.
    

From 'Superman' to 'Cheap Date', these names are not just memorable but also reflect a playful side of science. They often draw parallels with the gene’s function, like the heartless 'Tinman' in Drosophila or the transparent 'Glass-bottom boat' larvae. This practice not only adds a light-hearted dimension to the complex world of genetics but also makes these scientific concepts more accessible and engaging to the public.